M57 Dreyse Needle Carbine

chrisftk

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Staff member
Good morning all;

I thought I would post a photo study of my M57 Dreyse Needle Carbine. I've been building a diverse Confederation/Pre-Imperial collection of Breechloaders and even Muskets and while nice examples are very difficult to find, the marking conventions are strikingly similar to later pieces. The Prussians were nothing if not consistent.

For your viewing pleasure, I broke down and photographed my current M57. This one was manufactured late in 1870 by A. Crouse in Herzberg. (A contractor that occupied the former Hannoverian state arsenal, which was no longer needed upon Prussians absorption of Hannover in 1866-- sidebar, the change and realignment of in arsenals in Prussia is interesting. Potsdam moved to Spandau in 1852, Saarn to Erfurt in 1862 and Danzig opened out of a need for an additional arsenal in 1853. Many of the familiar contractors also produced or refurbished rifles in this period, even if names were slightly different; Sömmerda, Spangenburg and Sauer, VC Schilling, CG Haenel, Simson and Luck-- Oberndorf, where a famous set of brothers worked with their father before buying the factory later).

In any case, the carbine is all matching and in great mechanical condition, with the only knocks being an old sanded stock (my guess is arsenal sanding) and a broken needle (common). Otherwise it's a nice example. The m57 was manufactured through 1873, where it was supplanted by converted Chassepot carbines and the new Kar71.

For those that haven't held one, they are much smaller than a Kar71 or Kar88. Very handy by design and a nice cheek rest on the left butt, similar to the M41 Infantriegewehr. The ammunition was 15.43mm, but with a much smaller load than the Infantriegewehr, given the short barrel and smaller action. The "Stahl" stamp on the barrel denotes a cast barrel rather than the older wrought iron barrels.

The simple flip sights were calibrated for 100-200 paces or 300 if the leaf was flipped up. While I have not shot mine, I sold my previous one to a friend that is an avid shooter of needle guns and I await his report.

The carbine is regimentally marked on the top of the buttplate, though I have not yet decyphered the meaning.

These Dreyse system weapons are not very easy to collect, but if you do have interest I strongly recommend The Dreyse Military Needle Ignition System by the A-R West guys. They are very knowledgeable authors and provided a much-needed English resource. Prior to its release last year, my only source material was a German book (actually CBs old copy), that was good, but a bit dated and B&W photos.

Not much more to say, I hope everyone enjoys the pics.


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I certainly do enjoy seeing these early carbines, a beautiful example and it is unfortunate these are so rare that we can't do some sort of research project on them. I really think the best use of this forum is to create a research platform for these early rifle variations... while our focus is on 1898-1945 here (forum wide) the real opportunity is trying to develop a better understanding of the pre-Imperial and pre-war (1871-1914) variations.

The research we tend to focus on deal with nuances of Modell98 production, not so much a broad understanding of these rare and elusive variations. It reminds me of my beginnings into the 98k in the early 1980's. John Walters and Olsen was about it! These variations you are specializing in are far more of a challenge to get information on, though I suspect in Germany or France there is good resources available, old newsletters and researchers. Maybe we can squeeze in a thread similar to CB's threads on the 71 & 71/84's, lifting some broad details from John Walters & Storz and try to develop some observations fro these earlier variations...

When the freezer sets in outside I will have some spare time to look into this more... but I would like to direct this forum better into a public research platform where collectors can get quick and reliable (relatively) information, though these are so uncommon "relative rarity" to one maker-date or another is a question that can never be answered (probably)!

I for one am glad you took the time to post this (and others) carbine!
 
Maybe we can squeeze in a thread similar to CB's threads on the 71 & 71/84's, lifting some broad details from John Walters & Storz and try to develop some observations fro these earlier variations.

Thank you Paul and Jordan-- glad you enjoyed the pics. I'll keep them coming; It's been a couple of great weeks for antique arms.

I like the idea of a "collector's guide" to these early variants. I am working on a Reichsrevolver project in the vein of CBs 71 thread (If I picked up one thing from CB besides my general collecting focus, it's a lust for Reichsrevolvers) Maybe I can do a Dreyse system thread in a similar form. They aren't easy to collect, particularly because of a lack of good resources (and Dreyse rifles in general are rare)



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These are super cool, such a handy carbine, congrats Chris! Great info post too.
 
Wonderful carbine and excellent photos, Chris. Thanks for the description, that is quite interesting about the arsenals. Now I’ll have to add a new post to the reference thread for your needle examples!

Oh and the unit mark, very easy: 2nd something, 5th something else, and 61st another thing.
 
What a beautiful carbine thanks for presenting it with such great pictures!

Regarding the unit marking. There were only two types of units equipped with these needle carbines. Prussian Hussars and dragoons. So it was either used by the 2. hussar regiment, 5th squadron, 61st carbine or the 2. dragoon regiment, 5th squadron, 61st carbine.

Before the war of 1870/71 some of the light cavarly regiments only had four squadrons. One could look into the regimental histories of the 2nd hussars and 2nd dragoons, to research if one of those regiments had a fifth squadron in 1870...

Saxon cavalry also got their hands on those carbines but they used diffrent unit markings.

With kind regards

Vincent
 
Regarding the unit marking. There were only two types of units equipped with these needle carbines. Prussian Hussars and dragoons. So it was either used by the 2. hussar regiment, 5th squadron, 61st carbine or the 2. dragoon regiment, 5th squadron, 61st carbine.

Before the war of 1870/71 some of the light cavarly regiments only had four squadrons. One could look into the regimental histories of the 2nd hussars and 2nd dragoons, to research if one of those regiments had a fifth squadron in 1870...

Thank you Vincent. I seem to recall that the Kurasser and Uhlan regts would have used the M50 pistol at this stage. I do have a Potsdam M50 uhlan marked.

It would be interesting to pinpoint the Regt, as I collect items from the 2nd Hussars. I'll dig deeper, but it looks as though by 1872, both had 5 squadrons. (at least per my 1872 Rangliste)

I'll see what I can find. This will be an interesting project :)
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The only document from one of these two regiments i have is from the 2. hussars and its from 1870. They started the franco-prussian war in 1870 with fith squadrons.

Keep the pre 1871 guns coming :)

With kind regards

Vincent
 

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The only document from one of these two regiments i have is from the 2. hussars and its from 1870. They started the franco-prussian war in 1870 with fith squadrons.

Keep the pre 1871 guns coming :)

With kind regards

Vincent
Thanks Vincent! Will do.

On a side note, I found the regimental history of the 2nd Dragoon Regt, and they too had 5 squadrons as early as 1867. This may remain a mystery!



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This may remain a mystery!

This mystery should be solved!

Your unit marking indicates the second wurttemberg mounted regiment "2. Reiter-Regiment Kronprinz Friedrich" or "2. Württembergisches Dragoner-Regiment Nr. 26" as it was known from 1871 onwards.

I didnt know that before 1870 wurttemberg just had mounted "Reiter" regiments. It was only after the franco prussian war that they transformed/renamed their cavalry into dragoons and uhlans. Thats why i didnt thought about wurttemberg at first.

With kind regards

Vincent
 
This mystery should be solved!

Your unit marking indicates the second wurttemberg mounted regiment "2. Reiter-Regiment Kronprinz Friedrich" or "2. Württembergisches Dragoner-Regiment Nr. 26" as it was known from 1871 onwards.

I didnt know that before 1870 wurttemberg just had mounted "Reiter" regiments. It was only after the franco prussian war that they transformed/renamed their cavalry into dragoons and uhlans. Thats why i didnt thought about wurttemberg at first.

With kind regards

Vincent
That is very cool!

Thanks Vincent. I have another Württemberg Dreyse on the way. I'll share photos when I have it in hand.



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